Revealed: African countries with the highest number of internally displaced persons (IDPs), 2024
Africa is experiencing significant migration, both within the continent and beyond. Internal displacement, where people are forced to leave their homes but remain within their country’s borders, is a major issue.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has the highest number of internally displaced persons in Africa, with around six million IDPs in a population of approximately 90 million in 2023. Somalia had roughly 3.9 million displaced persons, while Nigeria had about 3.4 million. Sudan had the 4th largest number of displacements in the region, with 3.02 million caused by conflict.
The refugee situation in Africa is constantly changing and unpredictable. Internal displacements have the same root causes as refugee flows, but the affected persons remain within national borders. These causes include inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts, communal land disputes, and environmental disasters such as flooding, soil erosion, and droughts.
The report shows that conflicts in Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Palestinian territories accounted for nearly two-thirds of new displacements due to violence, which affected a total of 66 countries in 2023.
African countries with the highest number of internally displaced persons (IDPs), 2024
| Rank | Country | Population | Number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 99.01 million | 5.97 million |
| 2 | Somalia | 17.6 million | 3.86 million |
| 3 | Nigeria | 218.5 million | 3.42 million |
| 4 | Sudan | 46.87 million | 3.02 million |
| 5 | Ethiopia | 123.4 million | 2.12 million |
| 6 | Burkina Faso | 22.67 million | 2.06 million |
| 7 | South Sudan | 10.91 million | 1.49 million |
| 8 | Cameroon | 27.91 million | 1.03 million |
| 9 | Mozambique | 32.97 million | 834,000 |
| 10 | Central African Republic | 5.57 million | 486,000 |
| 11 | Chad | 17.72 million | 381,000 |
| 12 | Mali | 22.59 million | 376,000 |
| 13 | Niger | 26.21 million | 335,000 |
| 14 | Libya | 6.81 million | 162,000 |
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